Does God exist?
Nowadays there is strong irrefutable scientific proof that God exist, in the form of the anthropic principle, the fine tuning of the universe.
The laws of nature which govern the universe, and the set up of the universe, in order to enable the possibility of life, must be so extremely critically fine tuned, that it is impossible to say that the universe came into existence by pure chance. Scientists are discovering more and more constants in the universe that must be set up in an extremely precise way, in order to make life possible in the universe.
In 1961 just two of those constants were known, of which the most sensitive was the ratio of the gravitational force to the electromagnetic force. If that varies more than one part in 10^40 (that is 10 to the power of 40, = a 1 with 40 zero’s = 10,000 trillion trillion trillion), no life will be possible.
Today, the number of known cosmic characteristics recognized as fine-tuned for life — any conceivable kind of physical life — stands at thirty-eight. Of these, the most sensitive is the space energy density (the self-stretching property of the universe). Its value cannot vary by more than one part in 10^120, and still allow for the kinds of stars and planets physical life requires.
In order to get an idea of the size of these numbers, something about the observable universe: It has a width of about 156 billion light years, that is about 1.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000 miles. It contains about 50.000.000.000.000.000.000.000 stars in about 80 billion galaxies. The total amount of atoms in this observable universe is 10^80.
The chance that our universe came out the way it did, so that life, any life, would be possible, is only 1 in 10^173.
For more information on this subject look here: http://www.reasons.org/scientists/anthropic-principle-precise-plan-humanity
A mathematician, Borel, calculated that the probability of something happening that has a chance of happening of only 1 in 10^50, is zero, meaning, something with odds of 1 in 10^50, will never happen: http://boards.fool.com/in-all-fairness-for-those-reading-this-other-than-22202050.aspx :
“It was Dr. Emile Borel who first formulated the basic Law of Probability which states that the occurrence of an event where the chances are beyond 1 chance in 10 to the 50th power(the 200th power is used for scientific calculations), is an event which we can state with certainty will never happen, regardless of the time allotted or how many opportunities could exist for the event to take place.(Emile Borel, Probabilities and Life, Dover 1962, chapters 1-3)”
As everybody can see, the fine tuning of the universe is way above that. This points irrefutably to intelligent design, and with that to an Intelligent Designer.
About this anthropic principle Stephen Hawking, arguably the greatest scientist now alive, said: “Most sets of values, would give rise to universes that, although they might be very beautiful, would contain no-one able to wonder at that beauty. One can take this either as evidence of a divine purpose in creation and choice of the laws of science, or as support for the strong anthropic principle.”
A brief History of Time” by Stephen Hawking, page 139
Ibid page 140: “It would be very difficult to explain why the universe should have begun in just this way, except as the act of a God who intended to create beings like us.”
His book “A Brief HIstory of Time” can be found online here: http://alleeshadowtradition.com/pdf/stephen_hawking_a_brief_history_of_time
My quotes can be found in chapter 8.
So there we have it, the anthropic principle which provides the proof that God exists.